Kwanan nan, jigilar kayayyaki na teku ya sake tashi, musamman tasirin malam buɗe ido sakamakon toshewar Canal na Suzanne, wanda ya sa yanayin jigilar kayayyaki da ba a yarda da shi ba ya ƙara tsananta.
Sai abokin ciniki ya tambaya: yadda za a faɗi abokan ciniki tare da irin wannan rashin kwanciyar hankali da hauhawar farashin kaya akai-akai?Dangane da wannan yanayin, za mu bincika takamaiman batutuwa dalla-dalla.
01
Ta yaya zan iya faɗi umarni waɗanda har yanzu ba a haɗa su ba?
Ciwon kai ga 'yan kasuwa: Na ba da zance ga abokin ciniki 'yan kwanaki da suka wuce, kuma a yau mai jigilar kaya ya sanar da cewa jigilar kaya ya sake karuwa.Ta yaya zan iya faɗi wannan?Sau da yawa nakan gaya wa abokan ciniki cewa karuwar farashin ba ta da kyau, amma ba zan iya gano yadda kayan zai karu ba.Me zan yi?
Baiyun yana ba ku shawara: Ga abokan cinikin da ba su sanya hannu kan kwangila ba kuma har yanzu suna cikin matakin ƙididdigewa, don guje wa haɓakar rashin kwanciyar hankali na jigilar teku, ya kamata mu yi tunani game da wasu ƙarin matakai a cikin zance ko PI.Matakan magance su sune kamar haka:
1. Yi ƙoƙarin faɗi EXW (wanda aka isar da shi daga masana'anta) ko FOB (wanda aka isar a kan jirgin a tashar jiragen ruwa) ga abokin ciniki.Mai saye (abokin ciniki) yana ɗaukar jigilar teku don waɗannan hanyoyin kasuwanci guda biyu, don haka bai kamata mu damu da wannan batun jigilar teku ba.
Irin wannan zance yawanci yana bayyana lokacin da abokin ciniki yana da na'urar jigilar kaya, amma a cikin lokuta na musamman, zamu iya yin shawarwari tare da abokin ciniki kuma muyi amfani da EXW ko FOB don faɗi don wucewa akan haɗarin jigilar kaya;
2. Idan abokin ciniki yana buƙatar CFR (farashin + sufurin kaya) ko CIF (farashin + inshora + jigilar kaya), ta yaya za mu faɗi?
Tun da yake wajibi ne a ƙara ambaton jigilar kaya a cikin zance, akwai hanyoyi da yawa da za mu iya amfani da su:
1) Saita dogon lokaci na inganci, kamar wata ɗaya ko wata uku, ta yadda za a iya ƙididdige farashin daɗaɗɗen sama don adana lokacin haɓakar farashin;
2) Saita ɗan gajeren lokacin inganci, ana iya saita kwanaki 3, 5, ko 7, idan lokacin ya wuce, za a sake ƙididdige jigilar kaya;
3) Quotation plus comments: Wannan shi ne abin da ake magana a kai a halin yanzu, kuma ana ƙididdige ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kayan da ake ƙididdigewa bisa la'akari da halin da ake ciki a ranar yin oda ko halin da ake ciki a ranar jigilar kaya;
4) Ƙara ƙarin jumla a cikin zance ko kwangila: Yanayin da ke waje da yarjejeniyar za a yi shawarwari da bangarorin biyu.(Dukkanin ɓangarorin biyu za su tattauna abubuwan da ke waje da yarjejeniyar).Wannan yana ba mu dakin tattaunawa game da karuwar farashin nan gaba.To mene ne a wajen yarjejeniyar?Yawanci yana nufin wasu al'amuran kwatsam.Misali, toshewar Canal na Suzanne da ba zato ba tsammani hatsari ne.Wani yanayi ne da ya sabawa yarjejeniyar.Irin wannan yanayin ya kamata ya zama wani abu daban.
02
Yadda za a ƙara farashin ga abokin ciniki don oda a ƙarƙashin aikin kwangila?
Ciwon kai ga 'yan kasuwa: Dangane da hanyar CIF na ciniki, ana ba da rahoton jigilar kaya ga abokin ciniki, kuma ƙididdigewa yana aiki har zuwa Afrilu 18. Abokin ciniki ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar a ranar 12 ga Maris, kuma an ƙididdige adadin jigilar kaya bisa ga ambaton Maris. 12, kuma samar da mu zuwa isarwa na iya ɗaukar har zuwa Afrilu 28. Idan jigilar teku ta wuce ƙimar CIF ɗin mu a wannan lokacin, menene?Yi wa abokin ciniki bayani?An ƙididdige kayan jigilar teku bisa ga ainihin?
Idan kuna son ƙara farashin odar da ake aiwatarwa, dole ne ku yi shawarwari da abokin ciniki.Ana iya yin aikin ne kawai bayan izinin abokin ciniki.
Harka mara kyau: Saboda hauhawar farashin kaya, dan kasuwa ya yanke shawarar sanar da wakilin abokin ciniki don kara farashin ba tare da tattaunawa da abokin ciniki ba.Bayan da abokin ciniki ya ji labarin, abokin cinikin ya fusata, yana cewa hakan ya saba wa mutunci kuma ya sa abokin cinikin ya soke odar kuma ya kai karar wanda ya kawo kaya don zamba..Abin takaici ne a ba da haɗin kai sosai, saboda ba a yi amfani da cikakkun bayanai yadda ya kamata ba, wanda ya haifar da bala'i.
An haɗe imel ɗin don yin shawarwari tare da abokan ciniki game da karuwar farashin kaya don bayanin ku:
Yallabai,
Ina farin cikin sanar da ku cewa odar ku tana cikin samarwa na yau da kullun kuma ana sa ran isar da ita a ranar 28 ga Afrilu.Koyaya, akwai matsala da muke buƙatar sadarwa tare da ku.
Saboda haɓakar buƙatun da ba a taɓa ganin irinsa ba da ci gaba da haɓaka ƙimar ƙarfi saboda ƙarfin majeure, layin jigilar kayayyaki sun sanar da sabbin ƙimar.
Farashin jigilar kaya ba su da kwanciyar hankali a halin yanzu, don aiwatar da oda cikin sauƙi, za mu sake ƙididdige karuwar jigilar kaya gwargwadon halin da ake ciki a ranar jigilar kaya.Fatan samun fahimtar ku.
Duk wani ra'ayi don Allah a ji daɗin sadarwa tare da mu.
Ya kamata a lura cewa kawai imel ɗin shawarwari bai isa ba.Muna kuma bukatar mu tabbatar da cewa lamarin da muka ce gaskiya ne.A wannan lokacin, muna buƙatar aika sanarwar karuwar farashin / sanarwar da kamfanin jigilar kaya ya aiko mana zuwa abokin ciniki don dubawa.
03
Lokacin da kayan aikin teku zai karu, yaushe zai karu?
Akwai abubuwan tuƙi guda biyu na yawan jigilar kaya na jigilar kwantena, ɗaya shine sauyin yanayin amfani da annoba ke haifar da shi, ɗayan kuma shine katsewar sarkar kayayyaki.
Cushewar tashar jiragen ruwa da ƙarancin kayan aiki za su addabi 2021 gabaɗaya, kuma mai ɗaukar kaya zai kulle ribar 2022 ta hanyar kwangilar jigilar kayayyaki da aka sanya hannu a wannan shekara.Domin ga mai ɗaukar kaya, abubuwa bayan 2022 maiyuwa ba su da sauƙi.
Kamfanin dillancin labarai na Sea Intelligence ya kuma bayyana a ranar Litinin cewa, manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa a Turai da Arewacin Amurka na ci gaba da fafutukar shawo kan matsananciyar cunkoso da kasuwar kwantena ta haifar a 'yan watannin nan.
Dangane da bayanai daga kamfanin safarar kwantena na Koriya ta Kudu HMM, kamfanin binciken ya gano cewa babu wata muhimmiyar alama da ke nuna cewa an inganta matsalar (cushewar tashar jiragen ruwa) a Turai da Arewacin Amurka.
Dukansu ƙarancin kwantena da rashin daidaituwa na rarraba kwantena suna ba da tallafi don hauhawar farashin jigilar kayayyaki.Daukar farashin jigilar kayayyaki tsakanin Sin da Amurka a matsayin misali, bayanai daga kasuwar hada-hadar kayayyaki ta Shanghai sun nuna cewa, a tsakiyar watan Maris, farashin jigilar kayayyaki daga Shanghai zuwa gabar tekun yammacin Amurka ya tashi zuwa dalar Amurka 3,999 (kimanin RMB 26,263) kan 40- kwandon kafa, wanda yayi daidai da lokacin guda a cikin 2020. Wannan shine karuwar 250%.
Morgan Stanley MUFG manazarta Securities sun ce idan aka kwatanta da kuɗin kwangilar shekara ta 2020, jigilar kaya ta yanzu tana da tazarar sau 3 zuwa 4.
Bisa sabon hasashen da manazarta daga Okazaki Securities na Japan suka yi, idan har ba a iya magance karancin kwantena da tsare jiragen ruwa ba, yawan kudin da ba kasafai ake samun su ba a wannan mataki zai ci gaba har zuwa akalla watan Yuni.Ya kamata a lura da cewa "babban jirgin ruwa" a cikin Suez Canal da alama ya sa aikin kwantena na duniya ya zama "mafi muni" lokacin da ba a dawo da ma'auni na kwantena na duniya ba tukuna.
Ana iya ganin cewa rashin kwanciyar hankali da hauhawar farashin kaya zai zama matsala na dogon lokaci, don haka 'yan kasuwa na kasashen waje ya kamata su shirya wannan a gaba.
-Jacky Chen ne ya rubuta
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-07-2021
